The temperature of LiFePO4 Batteries’ (lithium iron phosphate battery) thermal runaway is up to 270 ° C (ternary lithium battery 150 ° C), and the maximum surface temperature at the time of UL 1642 acupuncture testing is only up to 60 ° C (ternary lithium battery over 500 ° C), and thermal runaway hazard factor decreases to 0.001 times/million (ternary lithium battery 0.1 times/million). The BYD blade battery (LiFePO4-based) can usually discharge after puncture testing, while a particular brand of NCM 811 battery has a fire risk of 1.2% under the same test. Global statistics on electric car fires in 2022 show that the accident rate of using LiFePO4 in the model is 0.003 times / 10,000 cars, the ternary lithium battery model is 0.12 times / 10,000 cars, and the risk difference is 40 times.
In cycle life, the cycling number of LiFePO4 Batteries is 3000-6000 times (the capacity retention rate ≥80%), which is far greater than that of the ternary lithium battery 1500-2500 times. Compared with the terene lithium battery in the same situation, the LiFePO4 battery pack of Ningde era for energy storage of seven years of operation in a photovoltaic project in Qinghai has only 18% capacity attenuation (2.6% annually), whereas the terene lithium battery in the same environment has 35% attenuation. By employing LiFePO4 within Tesla Megapack energy storage product, warranty becomes 15 years from the standard 10 years, and LCOS of electricity is cut down to 0.04/kWh from terre lithium at 0.07/kWh or 43%.
High temperature stability benefit is key: 92% LiFePO4 capacity retention at 1200 cycles at 60℃ (ternary lithium declines to 78% for same conditions). According to a light storage demonstration project in Australia, the 45 ° C daily operation efficiency of LiFePO4 battery pack is 95%, while that of the terpolymer lithium battery pack is reduced efficiency at 87% because of increased energy consumption of the temperature control system. Its thermal management system consumes only 1/3 of the ternary lithium solution, which improves the overall energy efficiency of the energy storage system by 9%.
Cost-benefit analysis: Although LiFePO4 Batteries have less energy density (160Wh/kg vs. Ternary lithium 250Wh/kg), but the life cycle cost per kWh (0.08) is 47% less than ternary lithium (0.15). When a public bike company replaced the lead-acid battery with LiFePO4, the replacement cycle for the battery is extended from 1 year to 5 years and the cost of operation and maintenance reduced by 72%. In grid-FM case, the response rate of LiFePO4 (98ms) is comparable with ternary lithium (95ms), but based on the 10-year maintenance-free feature, the IRR of the project has increased from 12% to 18%.
Low temperature performance is shattering: through doping manganese elements and optimization of electrolytes, next-gen LiFePO4 power down efficiency increases from 65% to 82% at -30 ° C (compared with traditional model 50%). For 2023 lighting storage project for extremely cold application places in Heilongjiang province, high-performance LiFePO4 battery pack generates 37% more winter electricity than ternary lithium without requiring any auxiliary heating system (saving 15% energy).
As of 2023, according to Wood Mackenzie figures, the worldwide LiFePO4 battery manufacturing capacity jumped from 25% in 2020 to 58%, while Chinese penetration touched over 70%. With the declaration of full switching to LiFePO4 for the Tesla Model 3 Standard variant, the warranty range for the mileage of the vehicle was increased from 160,000 km to 240,000 km and battery replacement reduced by 59%. Within the energy storage industry in commercial vehicles with safety and life as the drive, LiFePO4 Batteries is revolutionizing the value of power batteries with a reliability level of 99.9%.